Invasion Of Privacy Computer Virus Internet Essays - Hacker

Invasion Of Privacy Computer Virus Internet The information age is the age we live in today, and with the information age comes an age of ethics. When we deal with the new technologies introduced every day, we need to decide what we must consider ethical and unethical. We must consider all factors so that the use of the information readily available to many persons is not abused. Information technology will be the most fundamental area of ethical concern for business in the next decade. (Ermann) The most widely used tool of the information age is the computer, whether it is a PC or a network of computer systems. As we enter the information age, the newness and power of information technology's tests the ethics of the average person, not just the criminal and cause thousands of computer crimes to be committed daily. Problems associated with the information age Invasion of privacy Computer virus Internet scamming Junk E-mails Minors viewing pornography Fraud Accounts Illegal Downloading Hacking Cyber chat The most common computer crime committed daily, some aware and many not, is the illegal sharing of computer software. Software is any of the programs used in operating a digital computer, as input and output programs, as defined by Funk and Wagnalls Standard Desk Dictionary. When we purchase computer software, we purchase it with the understanding that it will be for use on a single computer, once installed on that system, it is not to be loaded on any other computer. However many people are not aware of this understanding, and many load a program on a couple of computers or on a whole network of computer systems not aware that they are committing a crime. Even though you probably will not be prosecuted for loading a program on a friends computer, this is where your ethics come in. Do you consider anything when you share a program with others? If not then consider the programmers of the software who are denied compensation for their developments every time you distribute a piece of software. Why is it that people who wouldn't think of stealing pack of gum will copy a $500 piece of software. (Parker) A popular form off illegal software distribution is throughout the online world. Whether it be the Internet, America Online, CompuServe, Prodigy, or a BBS (Bulletin Board System), software pirates thrive freely online. These so called pirates operate by uploading pieces of software, commonly referred to as warez, into an online service's database then sending through e-mail the rights to download them. The Information Superhighway has opened the door to a new kind of highway robbery - the home shoplifting network . When you access a online service, you are identified through an account which most commonly consists of a user ID and password. The password is so you only can access the online service with your user ID. Many people online use their own accounts to access their service, but many steal and use the accounts of others or make fake accounts. When online, these account pirates many times trick other users into giving their passwords to them by impersonating an employee of the online service. Others can hack into the online services mainframe computer and steal thousands of accounts. (Biemiller) Probably the most common method of getting online without paying is the use of fake or fraudulent accounts. These are made by giving false information when attempting to gain access to an online service. Name, address, phone number, and billing information, such as checking account or credit card number, are all falsified in obtaining an online account. With these stolen and fake accounts, software pirates have virtually unlimited time to download their warez without any charge to them. Many people don't consider the people behind the creation of software when they illegally distribute it. (Rochlin) The developers of software are not properly compensated for their work because of the extent of software piracy. No one can argue with a software company's desire, and right, to make sure everyone using their products has paid for it. The numbers add up, it is estimated that in 1994 alone that software companies lost $15 billion from illegal software copying. It is not only illegal, but clearly unethical to distribute software knowing that the people behind the software are experiencing the downfalls of it. Every time software companies cannot compensate their programmers for their work, more people are out of a job. Consider this, you enter a store and purchase an item, during this transaction you give your

Ganivet, Idearium Essay Example

Ganivet, Idearium Essay Example Ganivet, Idearium Paper Ganivet, Idearium Paper Angel Ganivets suicide at the age of 32 brought to an abrupt close the development of an innovative writer and thinker. Although necessarily limited in number, his publications had a significant impact on his contemporaries and on the development of the essay in Spain. His writings challenge the established generic borders in keeping with turn-of-the-century experimentation with limits and traditional definitions. He combines the essay and the epistolary form in Cartas finlandesas (1898; Letters from Finland) and in the posthumous El porvenir de Espana (1912; The future of Spain), and takes the hybrid form of travel essay and social commentary in a second posthumous work, Hombres del norte (1905; Men from the north). Ganivet writes from the stance of an outsider, analyzing Spain from his diplomatic residences in Finland and Belgium and critiquing European culture from his vantage point as a Spaniard with ties to Africa and Latin America. In his bestknown essay, Idearium espanol (1897; Spain: An Interpretation ), Ganivet breaks with the prevailing rationalist, scientific perspective to analyze the history and future of Spain by means of a new multivoiced, contradictory, and subjective discourse. Spain: An Interpretation and Ganivets other essays incorporate a multitude of competing voices and discourses that represent the tensions marking Spain and the rest of the world in the transition from traditional to modern society. : His texts introduce terms and arguments drawn from 19th-century debates over Catholicism, positivism, imperialism, and rationalism and interweave them in a complex discursive play that undermines and redefines tradition while suggesting new forms of thinking and writing. The text speaker in Spain: An Interpretation appropriates a positivist, determinist characterization of nations according to their geographic identification as island, peninsula, or continent, but then deconstructs the stability of these classifications by pointing out that Spain, a peninsula, has erroneously adopted behaviors appropriate to an island nation. In a similar vein, the speaker continuously invokes history and the 19th-century notion of historical determinism, only to subvert it by suggesting that Spains past was an error, a deviation from its true nature. The present does not mirror the past or develop naturally from it, but rather confronts it as an alien other. Ganivets texts display a disjunctive vision of history, as a process marked by violent shifts and discontinuity. This view coincides with repudiation of rationalism and the adoption of a style that eschews a logical development of ideas and a clear exposition of thought. Ganivets essays privilege a nonlinear exposition, with no clear declaration of purpose and constant changes in topic without prior explanation. The various sections of Idearium espanol have no titles and no clear section or subsection divisions. The narrator repeatedly verbalizes a lack of concern with consistency and logic and expresses a preference for ideas redondas (round ideas) over ideas pic udas (sharp, pointed ideas). The latter are defined as categorical, with no contradictions and no shading, and consequently lead to conflict and disagreement, while round ideas allow for the fusion of opposites and welcome paradoxical overlappings and irregularities, creating possibilities for love and union. The acceptance and even cultivation of contradiction produces texts that defy definition and force the reader to suspend judgment and adopt an open and flexible position. Attempts to define a clearly delineated ideological posture in Ganivets essays fail in the face of a purposeful irrationalism and consistent shifts in position. For some readers, the repudiation of positivism, capitalism, and Kantian pure reason reflects the failure of the Enlightenment to take root in Spain and leads to an antirational stance bordering on fascism. However, Ganivets redefinitions of history and his insistent rejection of a logic that justifies injustice and of a capitalism that promotes war can also be read as an answer to the crisis of modernity that continues to find voice in contemporary thought. Furthermore, his unrelenting attack on imperialism and respect for different cultures and values anticipate late 20th-century views. During the height of the Cuban struggle to win independence from Spain and during the years when European imperialist dominance over Africa and Asia were viewed as proof of Western superiority over the rest of the world, Ganivets writings proposed new, nonimperialist forms of leadership. Idearium espanol argues that the greatness of a nation does not depend on territorial extension, and calls on Spain to initiate a new postcolonial order that is without precedent in world history. The text speaker makes use of nationalistic discourse in order to combat it, calling on national pride but toward a new end. The essays of Angel Ganivet offer new modalities of thinking and writing. His texts evade clear categorization in keeping with his rejection of 19th-century rationalist and scientific discourse and thought. The organization of ideas follows a circular pattern, with the reintroduction of previously mentioned ideas, but with significant (albeit subtle) variations. Through a complex interweaving of inherited discourse and modern variations, Ganivets essays seek to rewrite the pas and create new forms of cultural coexistence. y Mark P. Del Mastro The Citadel Es el caso que al hablar de Ganivet algunos le han llamado precursor, lo digo redondamente y sin ambajes, que si entre Ganivet y yo hubo influencia mutua, fue mucho mayor la mia sobre el que la de el sobre mi [sic]. (Unamuno, Obras completas 4: 955-56, from Salamanca, February 1912) The question of precursors of literary movements is complicated by the impossibilityand perhaps absurdityof identifying a sole figure. Over the years, the Generation of 98 has also suffered the same problems of definition. Of the possible precursorsgenerally designated by their ideological influence over the movement or generationAngel Ganivets name began to surface predominantly at the beginning of the 20th century as a result of two events: 1) the commemoration in the Ateneo de Madrid on 29 November 1903 of the 5th anniversary of Ganivets death and 2) the publication of his Idearium espanol in August of 1897, which initiated critical interest in his works. Unamuno, however, protested this new focus on Ganivet, especially the position of Carlos Malagarriga who claimed that Ganivet was the true spiritual source of contemporaryearly 20th centurySpanish intellects. Perhaps partially due to his own written protests, Unamunos reputation as ideological father of the noventayochistas remained. But certainly reinforcing this distinction was En torno al casticismo (first published as separate essays in the journal La Espana Moderna in 1895, two years prior to the Idearium),2 one of the first recognized works of the Generation that systematically and philosophically proposed solutions for the social and ideological crises of fin de siglo Spain. Because the Idearium and ETC share similar 98 principles, the appearance of numerous comparative studies was logical. 3 Unfortunately, few recognized he importance of Ganivets doctoral dissertation, Espana filosofica contemporanea, a work that also presented 98 concepts but was written in 1889, six years prior to the circulation of ETC. The only study that approaches a comparison of EFC and ETC is Donald Shaws book La Generacion del 98, although Shaw seems to leave the door open intentionally for others to undertake the task. The following analysis will attempt to enter this open door and revindicate Ganivet as one of the important pre cursors of La generacion del 98. The primary reason for scant comparative studies is EFC was not published until 1930 in Ganivets Obras completas; consequently, for critics it has been unjustified to consider EFC influential in contemporary Spanish thought, including Unamunos. Then why and how can one claim the contrary? In Madrid in May and June of 1891, during the competitive examinations for the chairs of Greek at the Universities of Granada and Salamanca respectively, Ganivet and Unamuno were introduced and, as Unamuno himself explains, they met and conversed daily for about 6 weeks (Unamuno, Obras completas 4: 954). Although he observes that Ganivet was silencioso de nino y de mozo (Obras completas 10: 175) during these cordial meetings, Unamuno admits that his friend did make observaciones de cuando en cuando (175). Despite Unamunos denial, mutual influence was certainly possible, and as will be demonstrated in this analysis, a strong argument exists for Ganivets impact on Unamunos thinking, thereby reinforcing the claim that Ganivet represents a precursor of both Unamunos ideas and those of the Generation of 1898. As the title suggests, EFC addresses the philosophical problem of Spain with applications to the countrys society of the period. According to Ganivet, Spain is in decay because a fragmented and inappropriate philosophical base has prevented the proliferation of beneficial ideas. This fragmentation is due to the Spanish adoption of multiple foreign ideologiesthe medios puramente externos (EFC 591)such as Krausism, positivism, materialism and social Darwinism of Haeckel, all of which f ail to share a collective and uniquely Spanish mission. For Ganivet, the possibility of social reform is found in a collective ideological mission that begins with a system of philosophical education focused on the directive ideas (592), or mother ideas (598), and a combination of common philosophy, or filosofia vulgar, and scientific philosophy, or filosofia cientifica (592). Common philosophy, Ganivet explains, is distinct from scientific philosophylos medios externos or the sistemas contradictorios (EFC 609)by forming part of the Spanish essencethe common cultural trait of Spainthat corresponds to all Spaniards. According to the author, it is: la que carece de un fondo sistematico u ordenado y una organizacion completa; †¦la que es patrimonio de todos los hombres, la que inspira la vida de la sociedad y forma lo que generalmente se denomina medio ambiente, es decir, la idea que flota en todos los espiritus e imprime cierto sello de unidad a cada epoca historica. (593) This is akin to the notion of tradition: customs and ideas that originate from the psychological union of people with the land that surrounds them; ideas and customs already founded and passed along to their predecessors. For Ganivet, it is critical to initiate educational reform with both special consideration to and the implementation of this collective ideology. Nevertheless, the author believes that people ignore this ideology when learning scientific philosophy, the contradictory systems. Isolated from common philosophy, the scientific is: contenida en explicaciones que no traspasan las paredes de las aulas universi tarias, o en volumenes que rara vez son sacados del estante de la biblioteca, no puede ser utilizada con otra representacion que con la suya propia omo expresion de un nucleo mas o menos numeroso de individuos. (EFC 593) Ganivet claims that all philosophical frameworks not originating from Spanish society, or common philosophy, pertain exclusively to the scientific. Individuals that adopt the scientific ignore their common philosophy and consequently fail to achieve results that will benefit collective society; in this case, it is egotism that motivates them. Each social institution in Spain, as around the globe, is motivated by the groups special interests, which Ganivet labels as las ideas particulares (592) and the interes particular (612). However, the ideas particulares are not related to the ideas madres mentioned previously. While the mother ideas serve to benefit all Spaniards and represent the harmonic union of common and scientific philosophies, the ideas particulares benefit exclusively distinct groups and are the result of the divorce of these two philosophies. The complementing presence of selfishness naturally leads to the particular ideas and prevents the achievement of the mother ideas or the grandes ideales (608). Motivated solely by their individual interests, Spaniards are incapable of identifying their common philosophy, thereby missing the critically important mother ideas. Because of the false promise of utopia, Spanish society seeks purely external mechanisms or ideas. The resulting condition of this fruitless quest is indeterminacion (EFC 611), la apatia (602) and letargo mental (608), and Spain is rendered an enfermo debil y postrado (653). The author claims that the conflict among the numerous external ideasideologies originating outside of Spaininevitably confuse the Spaniards, ultimately creating indifference, apathy and a mentally hampered state. Ganivet identifies this condition later as la abulia in a letter dated 18 February 1893 to his friend Francisco Navarro y Ledesma: El temor de perder las ideas es un signo mortal; no es que las ideas se van a perder, es que se va a escapar de nuestro dominio la inteligencia, que no podremos tener ideas cuando queramos porque la inteligencia no quiera fijarse en los objetos. Esta aversion es muy frecuente en los tontos, porque en ellos la inteligencia no tiene posibilidad de apropiarse sinnumero de cosas; es tambien sintoma de la abulia o debilitacion de la voluntad, porque en este padecimiento la vida retrograda, no pudiendo vencer la pereza, que le impide continuar asimilandose elementos nuevos para renovar la vida al compas del tiempo. †¦La causa de la enfermedad es la falta de atencion (sic). (Epistolario 26-27) The origin of this clinical metaphor is the reference adopted by the French psychologist Theodule Armand Ribot in the late 19th century. Nevertheless, Ganivets use of la abulia to diagnose metaphorically the condition of his country echoes within the works of several Generation of 98 writers and contemporaries such as Azorin, Baroja, Maeztu, Cajal and Machado. 7 As previously noted, Ganivets envisioned remedy for the abulia is achieved by the reconciliation of the common and scientific philosophies. When the scientific establishes roots in Spanish tradition and its realidad, or common philosophy, this union will reflect the ideas directivas, the only solution for successful social reform in Spain. To initiate this process, however, a Ganivetian maestro (EFC 668) must determine the appropriate combination of common and scientific philosophies for each individual of society. The maestro is responsible for presenting the mother ideas to each person or student and, at the same time, the student must trust in the good will of the maestro in order to adopt without reservations these new ideals. Also, the maestro must act with a pure lovefree of self interestand be indifferent with the pupil. This indifference, however, is not of the abulic sense. Ganivet refers to an indifference that connotes unselfishness: ones de-emphasis of the material, the rejection of surpassing fellow man, and not taking advantage of him. Ganivetian indifference and love are the qualities of assuring that the maestro does not intervene with selfish and negative motives. The process of obtaining new directive ideas should be realized individually and not collectively because the inappropriate acquisition of generic ideas by all members of society will again lead to the periods problem with scientific philosophy. All citizens are unique and, consequently, their intellectual needsthe individual aptitudes of EFC (673)vary. These distinct aptitudes should be recognized and cultivated by the maestro in harmony and conjunction with Spanish history, tradition and reality; in other words, with common philosophy. In this manner, the maestro will not commit the same egotistical error reflected in special interests because the mother ideas although containing some unique characteristics will be founded upon Spains history, tradition and contemporary reality. Parallel to EFC is Unamunos ETC. Of the concepts most widely recognized from this work, perhaps the most notable is la intrahistoria (56). 8 Within this notion, which Unamuno also terms eterna esencia and la tradicion eterna, is the remedy for Spains abulic condition. Unamuno writes: Esa vida intrahistorica, silenciosa y continua como el fondo mismo del mar, es la sustancia del progreso, la verdadera tradicion, la tradicion eterna, no la tradicion mentira que se suele ir a buscar al pasado enterrado en libros y papeles, y monumentos, y piedras (28). Further ahead in the same series of articles, Unamuno elaborates his definition: La tradicion eterna es lo que deben buscar los videntes de todo pueblo para elevarse a la luz, haciendo conciente en ellos lo que en el pueblo es inconciente, para guiarle asi mejor [sic] (29). Here are clear echoes of Ganivets common philosophy in the vida intrahistorica and the tradicion eterna, concepts that for both authors are essential for societys guidance by the directive ideas explained by Ganivet. Without these guides, society is misdirected and without possibilities for progress. According to Unamuno, La tradicion eterna es el fondo del ser del hombre mismo. El hombre, esto es lo que hemos de buscar en nuestra alma (ETC 30)†¦ Hay que ir a la tradicion eterna, madre del ideal, que no es otra cosa que ella misma reflejada en el futuro (34). Like Ganivet, Unamuno emphasizes the need to discover the madre del ideal or idea directiva to progress, and he explains this with the complicated notion he labels el nimbo, un fondo de continuidad que envuelve a lo precedente con lo subsiguiente (ETC 60), like an eternal sea of knowledge that unites past, present and future of societys ideas. With this concept, Unamuno alludes to the Spaniards individual efforts of turning inward to discover the la tradicion eterna/la intrahistoria to unite this with surrounding/contemporary reality. In the authors time, people do not achieve the nimbo or directive idea because their lives are isolated in a presente momento historico (ETC 27)or Ganivets scientific philosophywhich is not associated or linked to the eternal traditionGanivets common philosophyin a continuum. This presente momento historico is la superficie del mar, una superficie que se hiela y cristaliza en los libros y registros (27); like Ganivets scientific philosophy it is found separated on library shelves (EFC 593). Similar to Ganivet, Unamuno describes the treatment of this history, of los libros y registros, as disassociated from mans eternal tradition, or common philosophy; in other words, that which forms part of the Spaniards essence. Explaining this problem in Spain, Ganivet refers to scientific philosophy, which is parallel to Unamunos tradicion mentira, the symbolic seas surface. As noted previously, Ganivet states that the divorce or separation of scientific and common philosophies is the main cause of Spains demise. This common philosophy, or Unamunos tradicion eterna, is distinct from scientific philosophy. When both ideologies are linked is when the mother idea or Unamunian nimbo will come forth. The intrahistoria is progressive, like the directive idea, when it is associated with present reality. For Unamuno, a sound example of disassociation is that which exists between literature (corresponding to quo ;intrahistoria) and science (corresponding to reality or the presente momento historico). Both Unamuno and Ganivet recognize the same result of this ideological separation: egotism and the subsequent abulia. The Unamunian ideas of egotism and love also align with Ganivets. For both authors, selfishness completely inhibits personal and social reforms by preventing the indispensable component of love. In the views of Ganivet and Unamuno, love is a pure and noble sentiment manifested in the help of others and the control of egotistical tendencies. The person who adopts this ideal love will prove a formidable collaborator in the utopian missions postulated by the two authors. For Unamuno, El fuerte, el radicalmente fuerte, no puede ser egoista: el que tiene fuerza de sobra, la saca para darla (ETC 46). The ideas of force and power go hand-in-hand with love, and not egoism. By exhibiting this same quality, the Ganivetian maestro is essentially the same radicalmente fuerte of Unamuno: a selfless individual whose pure love results in his/her pupils attainment of the mother ideas, as explained previously in terms of Ganivetian indifference. In Unamunos eyes, love itself makes possible the true success of ideal reform and the collective, individual benefits of the Spanish people: A traves del amor llegamos a las cosas con nuestro ser propio (24). These cosas are the ideas or the superficial history found in the libros y registros but that are achieved and understood appropriately by means of nuestro ser propio, in other words, by means of the intrahistoria and the eternal tradition of the people. Unamuno believes love establishes the union between intrahistoria and science, while Ganivet sees love as the first step to reconciling common and scientific philosophies. Nevertheless, the actual separation of these two ideologies results in the Spanish condition that Ganivet labels as letargo mental (EFC 608) and abulia (Epistolario 26), and that Unamuno calls el marasmo (ETC 125) and la abulia (138). With these akin clinical metaphors, both authors view Spain as ill. In the case of the abulia, Ganivet selects a medical term from a French psychologistas previously notedto describe the hampered mental state of the afflicted Spaniards. With marasmus, Unamuno refers to a physical condition: the chronic illness of semi-starvation typical in children suffering reduced growth. In advanced stages, marasmus is exhibited as muscle deterioration and the absence of subcutaneous fat. For Unamuno, it is a problem of a Spain malnourished by scarce new ideas: No hay corrientes vivas internas en nuestra vida intelectual y moral; esto es un pantano de agua estancada, no corriente de manantial (ETC 132). In Ganivets view, Spains condition is perpetuated by the overabundance of inappropriate, non-Spanish ideals. Contemporary ideology, for both authors, is insufficient to rehabilitate the country. Both Unamuno and Ganivet believe that ideological rehabilitation has its key step in the association between reality, the presente momento historico/la filosofia cientifica and la intrahistoria/la filosofia vulgar. However, in contrast to Ganivet, Unamuno does not propose that this reform be achieved through a maestro, but rather by the Spaniards themselves. For Unamuno, the europeizacion of Spain is critical for initiating this social and intellectual process since Spanish ideas are stagnated. Together with the attempt of each citizen to discover their tradiciones eternas, Spaniards should Europeanize themselves. They must join the process of internal discovery with contemporary European ideas in order to stimulate and enhance the immobile intellectual current of the present: Con el aire de fuera regenero mi sangre, no respirando el que exhalo (ETC 145). Ganivet views Spains crisis as caused precisely by the invasion of foreign ideologies. What must be done, therefore, is reduce external influences in favor of the dominance of Spanish ideals. Foreign philosophies can only be implanted in Spain if they conform to the countrys contemporary common philosophy. Of all the similarities noted in this study, it is this point that most distinguishes the proposed reforms of the authors. Typical of Unamunos proud demeanor is his insistence that his ideological influence on Ganivet was greater than Ganivets on him during their tertulias in Madrid in 1891. However, Unamunos assertion is challenged by the fact that two years earlierin 1889Ganivet

Answer 2 questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Answer 2 questions - Assignment Example In United States, the family decline is apparent due to reasons such as increased rates of illegitimacy, unmarried couple of households and divorce. In US, there has been an extensive increase in the rate of illegitimacy. The birth rate of unmarried women has gone up by a significant percentage. Research showed that the number of illegitimate babies is going up day by day as well increasing the number of single parents. Family divorce is another reason that has tremendously led to family declines (Hobson 76). The family decline is a major has become more obvious in the United States. Parent around the world experiences joys and heartaches due to rewards and challenges of becoming parents. Parenting has remained a baffling subject where everyone has an opinion, but most people do not agree. Parents have a responsibility of preparing children for economic, physical, and psychological situations in which the children must thrive and survive. Being a financial provider is not a choice but a demanding responsibility for parents. Parents often find themselves in a tag of war between the works demands and finding time for their families. Mostly, parents sacrifice their family time for their work by means to ensure that they keep their jobs (Hobson 89). Some parents make a balance between the responsibilities as financial responsibilities and parents as they consider the two responsibilities intertwined. It is quite possible to fulfill the role of a financial provider and a role of a parent at the same time. Maintaining the two responsibilities is realistic as the two r esponsibilities are equally important. Parents believe that fulfilling their role, as the good provider is a fine balance between the families. Parents adjust their work shifts so that they can have time with their children and

Explain how the development and growth of the stock market effects the Essay

Explain how the development and growth of the stock market effects the real economy - Essay Example Stock markets have securities notified on stock exchanges and also provide private trading facilities. According to an estimate, at the close of 2012, world stock market was more than $50 trillion with US having the largest market of about 35% and United Kingdom and Japan with 6% each (Perry 1-2). Impact of stock market growth and development on economies is indeed an important area of research among economists. It provides for steering financial matters and forming future economic strategy to improve business and investment environment of a country. Thus impact of stock market growth has both direct and indirect effects on an economy. Industries, Service providers and Corporations of various types get their stocks available in stock market. Large companies usually put their stock available/ registered in many exchange markets around the world. It is done after weighing potentials of business in a specific stock market. Participant of stock markets are traders, banks, retail investors, insurance companies and corporations etc. which deem to invest, buy, sell, transfer and even evaluate their stocks through the facility of a stock market. Trading in stock market is done through evaluation and bidding process carried out among buyers and sellers who agree over a deal on value o f the product. From hedge funds to stock investors the participants of a market can perform this activity anywhere in the world. A representative of business activity carries out buying, selling, exchange or valuation on behalf of his employer to execute exchange activity. Thus companies are not physically available or do not come with their active products and investment plans but they perform these transactions virtually through their representatives. A rational response to the concept of stock exchange and its activities can be transpired as effectiveness and vibrancy of economic activities in a market.

Kikujiro and Kitano Movies Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Kikujiro and Kitano Movies - Movie Review Example Indeed, as a follow up to his most notable work "Hana-bi," or "Fireworks," this film seems to have gone unnoticed for the most part because of its veering toward the usual Disney-like story of a crabby old man hitting the road with a dejected kid, but then, we're talking about Kitano. He was able to make the movie look fresh, original, and even surprising. He was also able to show that his works shouldn't be stereotyped at all to the yakuza films he made, which are filled with "juxtapositions of life and death, ugly violence and beautiful serenity - and usually end bleakly with suicide." The movie may be looked into as somewhat having two unique parts, with the first part the more gilt-edged portion. The first half focuses on the journey for the most part. The audience follow the seemingly incompatible pair through various risky adventures such as when they hitchhiked and raced among cyclists. Everything else that happen afterwards has its foundation on the search for Masao's estranged mother in another part of Japan and surprisingly brings on laughs. The second part isn't that quite spectacular though. ... The result is that some scenes became a drag to some because of repetitive scenes of adults acting like children such as when Kikujiro forms an assorted crew of misfits to play with Masao and have them dress up as aliens, Indians, marine life and even watermelons. Nevertheless, with Kitano's concept of building a friendship between the most unlikely of people, it really makes for an admirable and interesting story. It is also interesting to note that Masao's scrapbook seems to provide the structure for the movie giving each chapter a fair description. Each chapter offers a well-defined character that is, in different turns, hilarious, playful, surreal, disturbing, and heartbreaking. For one, Kitano is bold enough to use a child molester as an unlikely source of black humor and subject of any child's nightmare. The variations in tone between the chapters help in orchestrating unexpected tonal shifts and works to add to the context of the story. The theme: Alienation and inclusion Kitano was also able to look into the theme of both alienation and inclusion in his very own Japanese society. In fact, the two main characters, and even most of those who help the duo along their journey, can all be considered as unwanted by the society as they were not really a part of any conventional family or group structure. The characters, on the other hand, who live a more unquestioned lifestyles are frequently conflicting with the movie's protagonists. At the onset of the story, Kikujiro reacts to their alienation with anger while the nine-year old Masao with sadness. But along their expedition, they begin to discover similarities between themselves and the circumstances in Toyohashi become a turning point for the protagonists to

Personal Reflections

Personal Reflections Personal Reflections In Australia, the childrens successful transition from birth to productive young adults has never been crucial for the countrys future, however they are our most crucial resource for the future and therefore we can not neglect their early development and care. The industrial revolution brought economic prosperity enabling greater access to opportunities, but it witnessed increasing levels of crime and social disorder, the decline of families affinity and decreasing levels of trust leading to an intense fear of â€Å"the other† (Vimpani, 2004, p13). Many studies have proved that the majority of juvenile crime is committed by children (termed â€Å"early starters by Tremblay) with behavioral disorders manifested in early childhood having poor attachment with their parents. Therefore I would like to suggest that more emphasis should be given to promote mental health and parenting skills which are used to encourage parents to be more adaptive and attuned to their childrens changing needs. Also we should support parents through social and community services that respond effectively to the new realities of family life. Transforming children into productive young adults has now been moved from effective parenting to early years child centers. The early years child centers shall be developed into an effective learning network. Such centers should provide a mechanism about their services to ensure that decisions reflect the aspirations of the parents and families and establish a sustainable link with the community. Colmer in her article has outlined certain key strategies for developing early years centers into a dynamic learning network. â€Å"Indigenous child care leading the way† of Margaret Sims and co-writers is incredibly relevant here. It is identified that increasing concern about escalating poor outcomes for children are not better. The writers recommended changes are based on overseas research about the sorts of programs and initiatives that work in the developed countries. Since childhood services in Australia are fragmented and operate from a range of authorities, So I would recommend studying the article for more in-depth understanding of the topic. The modern Australian political, economic and social landscape is dominated by discourse of economic rationalism underlines concomitant changes in childcare policies (Sumsion, 2006, p.8). But it needs a high degree of collaboration and coordination to address a range of issues of care and education for children (both indigenous non-indigenous equally) below school age. It is not just about changing policy and somehow linking it with gross root people, it is also about changing the way policy is made and how it is implemented. Therefore, â€Å"we should consider shifting our priorities from advocacy (only) to activism and from policy to politics† by adopting a holistic approach and involving all factors of childhood care and education (Sumsion, 2006, p.3). Community Reflections Colmer (2008) states that â€Å"In many ways the most critical learning occurs within the focused and motivated team† (P.110). My emphasis is on the creation of a dedicated and motivated team in an early childhood environment. A team is always made from a set number of participants/workers. If we disturb the structure of a team by adding or subtracting the number of participants then the word ‘team loses its actual meaning. In most of the centers we have trained staff and they better know their job but they try to use a shortcut for finishing their task. I would like to share one of my personal experiences when I was working as a student during my Diploma course practical in the city centre. I observed that during lunch time sandwiches were served on the table used for painting activity instead of serving them in the plate. This is totally unsafe and unhygienic way of presenting the food. What are the factors behind their frustration? The main reason is the poor supervision and control of staff placement in childcare centers. The team of staff members is not maintained according to the Child-staff ratio. Child-staff ratios are an important quality indicator and can lead us to a focused and motivated team. I would recommend the article â€Å"Measuring child-staff ratios in child care centers: Balancing effort and representativeness† for more in-depth study. Focus: Growing up in Australia: The impact of unique social culture environment on the next generation. The appalling living conditions endured by many indigenous Australians contribute to poor developmental outcomes of child care. In a number of social indicators of well being, such as level of education, economic and employment status, environmental health and physical health services availability, the indigenous people are several times higher disadvantaged than the non-indigenous. Researches confirmed that there is cumulative effect of these social indicators on aboriginal children and are vulnerable to a number of risk factors within own families and communities and society at large. The Fitzgerald inquiry (2001) highlights the needs of learning parenting skills by increasing number of young indigenous parents. A review study identified a number of protective factors such as positive attention from parents, supportive relationships with other adults and extended family, family harmony and religion faith, for preventing adverse outcomes. I choose to further investigate the issues that indigenous children and youth face within remote communities because of their way of life is whether; a) A direct result of poor government funding? OR b) A flaw in our society? . References: Colmer, K. (2008). Leading a learning organisation: Australian early years centers as learning networks. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 16(1), 107-115. Le, V., Perlman, M., Zellman, G. L., Hamilton, L. S. (2006). Measuring child-staff ratios in child care centers: Balancing effort and representativeness. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 21(3), 267-279. Penman, R. (2006). An extract from The ‘growing up of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children: A literature review. Canberra: DFACSIA Occasional Paper No.15. (pp. 15 41) (Retrieved on 15th August 2007 from: http://www.facsia.gov.au/internet/facsinternet.nsf/research/ops-ops15.htm ) Sims, M., Saggers, S., Hutchins, T., Guilfoyle, A., Targowska, A., Jackiewicz, S. (2008). Indigenous child care-leading the way. Australian Journal of Early Childhood, 33(1), 56-60. Sumsion, J. (2006). From Whitlam to economic rationalism and beyond. Australian Journal of Early Childhood, 31(1), 1-10. Vimpani, G. (2004). Refashioning child and family health services in response to family, social and political change. Australian Health Review, 27(2), 13-16. Walker, Y. (1993). Aboriginal family issues. Family matters, 35, 51-53.

Creatine Essay -- essays research papers

Creatine Creatine is one of the primary things an athlete will do to put supplements into their body. These supplements range from protein shakes to illegal anabolic steroids. Some sports supplements are incredibly safe and effective, yet others work for a while and then fizzle out, while others still work well but do more damage than good in the long run. In the past athletes had to turn to such things as anabolic steroids or blood doping (the process of taking out blood and adding oxygen to it and putting it back into your body in order to increase a persons endurance). However, these procedures have many drawbacks. Mainly, they are illegal. An athlete may be suspended from playing their perspective sport for using them. They have many long terms and short term side effects. Many supplements are as simple as packaged energy and others require a strict exercise and eating regimen. I will explore sports supplements focusing on creatine and it's effect on the sport world. The first and most basic sports supplements are protein weight gainers. This normally comes in the form of powder and works best when mixed with milk. The main reason for taking extra protein is to gain weight and muscle mass. In today's athletics, whether it is high school, college, or professional, the athletes are getting bigger, stronger, and faster. Protein works the best when the athlete is on a strict work out regimen. Many sports supplements are a combination of herbs and proteins. A popular supplement of this sort is called "Heat." Heat has many different ingredients in it that allow the athlete to experience more energy by creating more heat. This allows the athletes' body to work more efficiently and therefore work faster, stronger, and longer. This is very important in the sports world because it is becoming harder and harder to compete at an unsupplemented level. Athletes want every advantage that he or she can receive. Now there is a substance that can give an athlete the edge that they desire. One of the most popular and effective sports supplements on the market today is Pure creatine monohydrate. Creatine was first introduced to the US in 1993 by a supplement company called Experimental and Applied Sciences. ... ... Another problem that people may see with creatine is the cost factor. A Creatine supply for a month will average close to forty-five dollars. With the cost of this and other supplements being so high, it seems that the higher class athletes would have an advantage, which causes many critics of creatine (or supplements in general) to deem it unfair. Their case is, athletes of one group should not be permitted to have an advantage over another due to something such as money. In conclusion, Creatine is and can be a very effective supplement for athletes, it doesn't help everyone. Depending on the person and the sport they are participating in creatine's effects can be either positive or negative. Though long term research on the effects of creatine have not been confirmed, as of now the only side effects are diarrhea, nausea, and weight gain. These are outweighed by the increased success that one may have in their strength and performance in sports. Creatine has a positive effect on sports as well as its negative effect, therefore each person should weigh the positive and negative, then make the decision for themselves.

Coraline Essy Essay

In response to the school board’s request for student feedback, I am writing to express my opinion about which should be used to teach about the Fantasy genre, Coraline the book or Coraline the movie. In my opinion, I believe that Coraline the movie should be used in schools to teach the Fantasy genre. This is because the sounds, animations, and new characters all show more elements and examples of the Fantasy genre than in the book. By the time you finish reading this, you will surely end up being persuaded that Coraline the movie has more elements and examples of Fantasy than in the book. The first detail that makes Coraline the movie have more elements of Fantasy is animation. The animations in the movie were cartoon people, which means the characters don’t necessarily have to do things real people can do. Another element of animation that makes the movie more fantastical is that you can see exactly what the character is doing but in the book it is Just your imagination. Also, in the movie, special effects can be added to make the scenes look more fantastical. Overall, the animations from the movie show more elements of fantasy than in the book. Secondly, the new and different characters in the movie make Coraline the movie have more elements of fantasy than the book. In the movie, the â€Å"other mother† turns the â€Å"other dad† into a pumpkin instead of a blob. This is more fantastical because pumpkins are plants and the fact that a pumpkin is alive and speaks is very fantastical. The second example of new and different characters is Wybie Lovat. He is a new character that is in the movie but not the book. He adds more fantasy because he finds a doll that looks Just like Coraline and gives it to her. The new and different haracters is the second detail that makes Coraline the movie have more elements of Fantasy. The third detail that makes Coraline the movie have more elements of Fantasy is sound. The sound from the movie can let you hear the characters tone of voice while speaking which lets you know if what they are saying sounds fantastical. The second thing is that you can hear background sounds and noise. This adds to Fantasy because it lets you hear strange sounds in the background that make it more fantastical. The third thing is that in the movie you can hear how loud the character is speaking. This can let you know how the character feels which adds on to the fantastical elements. I have now expressed my opinion on which to use to teach the Fantasy genre. Coraline the movie has many elements and examples of Fantasy. Coraline the movie should be used in schools to teach the Fantasy genre because the sounds, animations, and new or different characters all show more elements and examples of the Fantasy genre than in the book. Now that you have taken a look at many examples and elements of Fantasy in the movie, I hope that you consider using Coraline the movie to teach Fantasy in schools.

Alexander the Great Essay

Aristotle is a famous Greek philosopher. Given the name â€Å"The Philosopher,† his ideas were of great importance to Greece during his lifetime. Throughout his life in ancient Greece, he gained popularity because of his many teachings and brilliant logic. His early childhood influenced his scientific thoughts, and his time at the Academy in Athens brought him to the study of philosophy as well. Through many observations, he made large amounts of discoveries that are still proven true in modern times. He wrote over 200 treatises covering various topics such as ethics, biology, psychology, logic and physics. His ideas spread rapidly making him a prominent figure in Western civilization. Not only did Aristotle’s thoughts set the foundation for the development of Greek thought, but also impacted the philosophy and sciences beyond his lifetime. Aristotle was born in a small Greek town called Stagira in 384 BC. His town, like many others in Greece, was one which held non-Greek people. Greece during this time was expanding, and gaining culture. The geography of Greece can be described as rich and fertile. The land was abundant with farmland and ideal for growing grain and fruit. The land also provided space for livestock such as horses, sheep, and cows. This caused the economy to thrive. The main focus of Greece however, particularly in Athens, was politics. Athens’ progression from monarchy to democracy made them more advanced in politics than other civilizations at the time, but the sudden change also weakened Greece. Aristotle would later help to encourage the outlook on life of the majority of Greece and help the overall good of society. Aristotle grew up under the care of his father until his later childhood. His father Nicomachus, was a popular physician at a court in Macedonia, which would later be a strong influence to Aristotle’s career because of his relationship with the king and his family. At the age of ten, Nicomachus passed away and Aristotle was then taken under the care of his uncle named Proxenus. He was raised by him for all of his teenage years. At the age of seventeen, Proxenus sent Aristotle to Athens where he joined Plato’s Academy. Plato was another highly respected Greek philosopher at this time. At the Academy, Aristotle was taught by Plato and he became one of the best students. He studied everything there from astronomy, mathematics, literature, and science. When Plato died, Aristotle left Athens. Being one of the prominent figures in Greece by now, and because of his father’s connections with the court in Macedonia, Aristotle was invited by the king of Macedonia to tutor his son Alexander, who would later become his successor. During Aristotle’s lifetime, he spent a great amount of time thinking about the distinctions between thoughts and actions. This is called logic. He was the first philosopher to study a formal type of logic and his logic remained dominant until the 19th century. He made clear lines between proof and inferences. His type of thinking later became known as Aristotelian logic, named after him. He also set fundamentals for speech, such as sentence structure. Aristotle said, â€Å"Spoken words are the symbols of mental experience, just as written words are the symbols of spoken words† (Farrington, 65). Along with this came the idea of propositions. He taught that each proposition has to have two parts- a subject and predicate. He thought that to make sense of a sentence, something has to be said about a person, or thing. Use of this language helped writers during his time, and is also how people speak today. It seems like common sense to people now, but Aristotle was the first to notice it and that is true of many other observations he made. For example, he believed that the mind and soul are separate from the actual human body. He also believed that humans’ souls still existed after they died. At the time, it set ideas about the afterlife for many people in Greece. His teachings encouraged people to believe in a good life after death. His logic was very complex, which made him a leader in philosophy during his lifetime. His logic also coincides with his ideas about philosophy. One of Aristotle’s major accomplishments during his lifetime was impacting the study of philosophy. He was the founder of Western thought, and his philosophical thoughts are still studied widely in today’s society. His beliefs on philosophy covered various subjects but mainly ethics and politics. The study of ethics is involved with well-being and how people should best live their lives. Ethics addresses individuals rather than a whole community. He taught that humans main goal in life is to reach happiness. He also believed that life should ultimately be about doing what is best to be fully content. He believed in temperance, and says that unlimited wealth is not needed in life. To have an enjoyable life, he believed that wealth is an obstacle to being happy, and people cannot want it too much. This way of thinking was popular because people liked the idea of being happy. His beliefs influenced some of the best medieval scholars, who also believed in the overall good of humans. As for politics, Aristotle examined the growth of society and came to the conclusion that people should work for the common good of their community, and work towards maximum success. To obtain a successful way of life for all people in the community, laws and rules are required. Aristotle wrote, â€Å"‘Youth will not receive a proper ethical training unless brought up under right laws†¦ Speaking generally, we need laws to cover the whole of life’† (Farrington, 88). This quote is an example of one of the many ideas that influenced the philosophy of whole communities. Even today’s society cannot survive without law. He believed that to achieve a civilness, people must fulfill their responsibilities for the good of the whole. â€Å"He sought intelligible definitions of the virtues and employed in the quest the method of induction† (Farrington, 6). This means that he wanted to prove that society was able to thrive with showing high virtue. His philosophy was later named after him, as Aristotelian philosophy. His basic thoughts about life and the Aristotelian philosophy and logic still remains relevant today all over the world. Not only did Aristotle set the philosophical foundation for Greece, but also had an impact on the sciences. His study of biology is important, because it gives people an idea of the history of science. At the Academy, Aristotle had a major interest in anatomy and examined the cycle of the life of man and animals. Through experiments and observations, he made many conclusions. Aristotle dissected about fifty animals in his lifetime and studied over 500 different species of animals, making many discoveries about living things. â€Å"Aristotle thought of a living thing’s inherent potentialities as guiding and controlling what it becomes in its process of growth and development† (Adler, 47). He noticed that species inherit characteristics from their parents, similar to DNA, which is proven today. Aristotle taught that the mind was separate from the rest of the body, and that the mind was not a physical feature. He also distinguished mammals from non-mammals. In his biological research, he focused on mechanical causation as well. He distinguishes the differences between mechanical and chemical changes. Another discovery Aristotle made before modern times even proved it is the ladder of nature. He came to the conclusion that plants are the least complex living thing and humans are the most complex. In society today, that is called a food chain. His order of society remained prevalent for centuries after his death in the West. His thoughts on nature set guidelines for the progress of biology for the future, as well the fundamentals of physical science. The study of physics is one of Aristotle’s main contributions to Western civilization, and to the modern world. His thoughts on physics were originally provoked by earlier scientists, but Aristotle created his own ideas that disagreed with former scientist’s thoughts. He made major improvements on previous knowledge. â€Å"He is conscious of measuring himself against the older thinkers and refers to them mainly in order to disagree with them or at least, to make clear where he has done better† (Farrington, 72). His ideas to science are primary today. One of the major concepts adopted by later scholars that Aristotle discovered was his laws of motion. He taught that the heavier the object is, the faster it will fall, and that the speed of objects falling depends on the density of the surroundings its falling through. For example, a rock falling through a river will be slowed down by the water. He also said that the speed of an object depends on the force being applied to it. For instance, if you stop pushing an object, the object will stop moving as well. Aside from motion, he also studied substances. He noticed the difference between physical mixtures and chemical mixtures. He discovered that when two ingredients are joined together, it creates a new substance, or chemical change. Aristotle also created four forms, or causes of matter. The first is material cause, which explains the chemical and physical appearance of an object, or what is it made out of. The second is formal cause, and this pertains to the characteristics of an object, or what it will develop into. The third cause is called efficient cause. Efficient cause explains how a change is made when objects are in motion, similar to the idea of kinetic energy which is a main principle in science today. The last cause is called final cause, which analyzes why something exists. His four causes are extremely relevant throughout history because they explain the basics of why things are the way they are. Aristotle’s works in physics also involve the study of the Earth.. He taught that the Earth is made of four elements- earth, water, fire, and air. His approach to the basics of matter differs from Plato’s thoughts on what matter consists of because Aristotle relied more on his senses from actual things. Aristotle’s thoughts were more realistic. He studied how his four elements reacted with cold, wet, hot, and dry things. It provided a better understanding of the natural world. Aristotle influenced many people during his lifetime, but one of the most important people to history that he taught was Alexander the Great, who grew up to become one of the greatest military leaders in history. As mentioned earlier, Aristotle’s father was a personal physician to the king of Macedon. When the king decided his son needed a better education, he picked Aristotle because of his connection to the royal family, and he also came to the realization that Aristotle was one of the greatest intellectual leaders in Greece. During his time teaching, Alexander showed many interests in science and medicines. When Alexander invaded Asia, he brought a number of botanists and zoologists, and together they discovered new species. Aristotle also taught Alexander how to be a good public speaker, and how to debate. He taught him poetry, which Alexander had a big interest in. While studying poetry, Alexander even considered one of the gods in Greek poetry as his role model. Aristotle greatly impacted Alexander’s thoughts on ethics and politics as well. He taught Alexander to love all things Greek. He thought that the non-Greeks that were settling should be enslaved, and discouraged Alexander to accept the new people. Alexander had already been skeptical about Persians, and Aristotle’s advice encouraged this thought. Aristotle also wanted Alexander to have self-control and self honor, which helped Alexander to focus on what he needed to do to gain success not only for himself, but for Greece as a whole, coinciding with the type of philosophy that Aristotle believed in. What Alexander learned during this time with Aristotle he took with him on all of his journeys to conquer surrounding lands. He ultimately conquered most of the known world at that time, and united Greece by the young age of twenty-five. Aristotle provided him with the knowledge and skills to become one of the greatest leaders of all time. Without having Aristotle as a teacher, Alexander may not have been as effective in expanding Greece, which could have led to changing the course of history. The impacts that Aristotle had on the philosophy and sciences during his time was great, and the scientific and philosophic world is still learning from him today. His intellect led him to influence every major subject in the ancient world. His type of philosophy gave people a way to manage their problems, and gave them different ways to look at the world. His ideas reinforced people’s faith yet also supported new ideas about faith. In medieval times, his philosophy was used by the majority of the population. It set the basis for medieval scholasticism, which was the philosophy used throughout the middle ages. His philosophy was rediscovered during the beginning of modern scholarship. His philosophy was rediscovered in the late Middle Ages because it pertained to the values of Christianity. His works were also studied by pre-Renaissance scholars, who were some of the greatest in the world. Pope Silvester II advanced his logic by studying Aristotle’s thoughts and influenced him as pope of the Roman Catholic Church. His writings were so successful that they have been translated into dozens of languages and studied by scholars after his death, and even today. As for science, Aristotle was one of the biggest contributors to the growth of the biology and physics during his time. He introduced scientific theories that no one ever studied in the ancient world. By studying animals, he increased the number of animal species, and explained the growth and development of animals, which even led to many discoveries in human anatomy. His contributions were so great that without his research, Europe’s scientific development would be very delayed. Aristotle also tutored one of the most successful leaders who managed to conquer more than half of the known world. Aristotle’s intelligent mind helped to make the ancient world flourish. The underlying reason to why Aristotle was so successful as a philosopher is because he was one of the first to study logic. He studied real life unlike philosophers such as Plato. This is emphasized in a famous Renaissance painting called The School of Athens which portrays an image of Plato pointing upwards, representing his study of the heavens. Aristotle is pointing downwards, representing his study of Earth. His teachings seemed logical to the people of his time because he believed knowledge should be obtained by observation and reasoning, and this made him very popular. Although much of Aristotle’s work was rediscovered during the late Middle Ages and Renaissance, he was incorrect in some areas. For example, he was incorrect about the placement of the Earth in outer space. â€Å"He believed terrestrial elements rise from or fell toward the center of the Earth, which is also the center of the universe†¦ and everything revolves around the Earth† (Langford, 25). The first person to realize Aristotle was wrong was Galileo. He discovered that planets revolve around a physical center other than Earth by studying the moon phases of Jupiter and Venus. He had proved Aristotle wrong. This caused problems with the Church because the christians were so dedicated to Aristotle’s philosophy. They believed that there were no differences between his philosophy and Christianity. When Galileo started to prove Aristotle’s science wrong, people began to believe that Christianity was wrong. This later led to the loss of Roman Catholic authority. Aristotle’s teachings in philosophy was one of his biggest contributions to the world because his philosophical ideas managed to impact the faith of Christianity and also the power of the Church.. â€Å"He was called â€Å"Ille Philosophus† (the philosopher) by his medieval followers, and his work was discussed as the eternal truth† (â€Å"Aristotle of Stagirus†). The Greek philosopher Aristotle was called â€Å"The Philosopher† for a reason. In his lifetime, he made numerous discoveries, wrote hundreds of works, influenced scholars in the middle ages, and taught one of the greatest conquerors in the world. He directly influenced the philosophy of ancient civilizations, and by dedicating his life to his studies and experiments, he set the fundamentals of science. Overall, he built the basis of the philosophy and sciences during his lifetime and beyond.

Deaf Blindness Essays

Deaf Blindness Essays Deaf Blindness Essay Deaf Blindness Essay Essay Topic: Blindness Most people assume that a deaf blind kid is person who is non able to hear or see. Our country’s particular educational jurisprudence defines deaf-blindness as the combination of the ocular and hearing impairment ( Deaf Blindness ) . These two damages make the individual lose his or her communicating accomplishments. developmental and educational demands. The National Consortium on Deaf-Blindness observes that the cardinal characteristic of deaf-blindness is that the combination of losingss bounds entree to auditory and ocular information ( Deaf Blindness ) . Through this research I was able to detect the beginning of deaf sightlessness and research about this disablement. Laura Bridgaman was the first individual who was an single with deaf sightlessness who learned language ( Deaf Blind Education: History ) . She entered the England Asylum for the Blind in 1837 to get down acquisition. Since that twelvemonth in United States there were plans and services for pupils who are deaf blind. Education for the deaf blind became more of import each twelvemonth. Government started to supply more chances for the deaf blind kids. ( Deaf Blind Education: History ) . Most of the clip when we say deaf blind the name that comes to our head is Helen Keller . She is the most known deaf blind individual in the history. A school for the deaf blind was non ever easy to construct. Keller had to go to the school individually for deaf and blind. She attended the Perkins Institute for the Blind and the Wright-Humanson school for the deaf in New York. and The Horace Mann School for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing in Massachusetts. Deaf Blind schools were started to set up after the publish of Florida School for the Deaf and Blind in 1885. This school was a boarding school supported by the province ( Deaf Blind Education ) . In the 1960s Rubella Epidemic was taken topographic point. Since the Epidemic ; history and the instruction of deaf blind kids have changed. The methods to assist deaf blind were developed in Netherlands and it influenced many people. After that many successful methodological analysiss to learn deaf blind persons have increased since the clip of the the Rubella eruption. The coactions and sharing of cognition of many states besides helped to develop and better chances for the persons with deaf blind ( Deaf Blind/ Disability Community History ) . There are over 70 causes for deaf sightlessness. Some of them are Usher syndrome. Cytomegalovirus. complications due to prematureness and traumatic caput hurts. Most of the clip kids with deaf sightlessness may hold an extra challenge like cognitive holds or some other medical status. However. merely a little per centum of kids who are deaf-blind are without any sight or hearing. Most of the kids have some type of vision and/or hearing that is utile ( Bekker ) . Everyone knows that there are five senses that are of import. Among these senses the 2 most of import senses are hearing and Vision. These two senses help us garner information. This besides helps us to analyze better. 80 % of what we learn is visually. That includes seeing the notes and watching an informational picture. Hearing is the footing of the communicating or linguistic communication system that most people use ( R. M. Turnbull. and M. L ) . In school we listen to our instructors to larn more information and to make better in academic. When these two major senses are impaired or lost. a individual will hold to fight in several countries and this will besides impact a child’s developments. A deaf blind pupil will hold troubles in communication/ linguistic communication development. motion or motor development. cognitive and emotional or societal development. organic structure image and ego construct. More significantly a kid will hold troubles in acquisition ( R. M. Turnbull. and M. L ) . Doctors agree that household be aftering methods can do deaf sightlessness. During gestation a adult females may hold infections. These infections can besides do deaf sightlessness. Rubella. the vaccinum can non be used all the clip to forestall deaf sightlessness ( Bekker ) . However. if a adult female takes this vaccinum prior to pregnancy being a deaf blind can be prevented. This vaccinum should non be used by a pregnant adult female. After taking this vaccinum the adult females who received should wait at least two months to pass before acquiring pregnant ( Bekker ) . All the kids with deaf sightlessness differ from each other. They are all alone in their ain manner. The sum of ocular and audile loss varies in all persons. The centripetal input sometimes gets damaged but for some other persons it won’t acquire damaged. The vision and hearing may be lost from birth but for some others it takes clip and finally gets lost. Either or both losingss may be gradual or immediate and may non be accompanied by the loss of other organic structure functions ( Mcllnnes and Treffry ) . Deaf blind people will confront symptoms that are combined. There will be symptoms based on loss of hearing and loss of vision. There are different types of conditions that may take to deaf sightlessness. Congenial Rubella Syndrome and Usher Syndrome are common conditions that lead an single to be a deaf blind. loss of a small vision and hearing is really common among older people. It’s merely a mark of aging. This can seldom take to be a deaf blind individual ( Schneider. O’Toole. and Fletcher ) . Based on the statistics 45000 to 50000 people in US are deaf-blind. According to the 2007 National Deaf-Blind Child Count. over 10. 000 are kids under the age of 21? ( Deaf Blindness ) . The word deaf Blindness is sometimes misunderstood by people. They think it means a individual who can non hear or see at all. But this word really describes a individual who has a small of both vision and hearing. Each individual with this disease may hold different sum of loss in their vision and hearing ( Deaf Blindness ) . It is hard to gauge the exact figure of deaf blind people in United States because it varies widely from one individual or bureau. The figure grownups who are deaf blind are about 35000-40000 in population ( Harrington ) . Today there are many modern engineerings that help deaf unsighted persons to hold a better cognition and a better life. The assistive engineering that was created for visually impaired can besides be used by the deaf blind pupils. Assistive engineerings like computing machine versions. adaptative devices and telecommunication devices are really helpful for deaf blind people ( R. M Turnbull. and M. L ) . Early intercession service is established for immature kids who are 3 old ages old or under the age of 3. These services are important for kids with deaf and sightlessness and their households. They address the child’s developmental and demands of acquisition. Sometimes these services are free of charge. Children with deaf-blindness who are 4 old ages old or older should alter to the Particular Education Services from the Early Intervention Service. This service is provided free through the public school system. Even if a kid with deaf-blindness is non in school yet ( for illustration. a four-year-old ) . the school system is still responsible for doing certain that particular instruction and related services are available to the child ( Deaf Blindness ) . Deaf Blindness can be prevented by taking early safeguards. Peoples should be more cognizant of this disease. Children who are 12-18 month old can be prevented from deaf-blindness by taking the vaccinum called Rubella. A 3rd vaccinum known as Measles mumps-rubella ( MMR ) is given when the kid is 3 old ages old. These vaccinums are truly of import to give to the kids. This can forestall future loss of vision and hearing. Most of the people in our current society are non cognizant of deaf sightlessness ( Bekker ) . In our society kids with disablements are non treated the right manner. Most of the kids who have both ocular and audile disabilities are assumed to be deeply retarded. Parents of these kids face this state of affairs otherwise. Some parents struggle for their child because of the deficiency of aid. Parents who don’t have adequate money to handle their kid struggle the most. Some parents cope with the state of affairs but some others are unable to manage the state of affairs and they may be holding a bosom interruption. Parents should remain strong and seek professional support. They should give their kid proper attention. A parent’s feeling for their deaf blind kid is non interpretable through words ( Mcllnnes and Treffry ) . Through this research I was able to research about deaf sightlessness. a disablement which I had no information about. But now I know different types of information about deaf sightlessness. 85 % of people don’t cognize what deaf sightlessness is or how it causes. Therefore it is of import to raise a public consciousness about deaf sightlessness in our society.

Human Resource Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Human Resource Management - Assignment Example No human would be willing to work with frustrated aspirations or stunted and suppressed feelings. Thus it becomes incumbent on an organization to nurture and develop the feelings, aspirations, emotions of its employees. This is the traditional function of the human resource management function in any organization. Present day literature, however lays more emphasis on strategic human resource management wherein the human resource management function is aligned in such a manner that fulfilling human resource management function automatically ensures reaching strategic objectives of the organization. In short the human resource management function is woven with in the overall strategy of the organization. Strategic approach to human resource management implies putting in place a set of internally consistent policies and practices that ensure that organization's human capital (skills, combined knowledge of employees and abilities) contributes to organizations strategic objectives. Wherea s a bare approach to Human resources management is a self explained concept without its strategic orientation. It refers to all those activities that are undertaken consciously or unconsciously, internally or externally to an organization whereby human resources of the organization are developed and utilized in a manner to maximize achievement of organizational goals. One important precept of entire human resources' management exercise is the recognition of the fact that the most valuable resource for any organization is its human factor; it is the only live factor and thus the only truly mouldable factor. Therefore human resource management (HRM) is a term used to represent that part of an organization's activities concerned with the recruitment, development and management of its employees (Wood & Wall, 2002). This paper examines the case study of an organization where the human resources management function has been in disarray and the same has been manifested in the form of sever al outcomes like employees' dissatisfaction or lack of motivation, desire to change jobs, feeling of discrimination, poor and anomalous pay structure, poor performance etc; all of which has resulted in the organization presenting itself for a complete overhaul of its human resource management function. The paper would begin by describing in short the important case facts which will be followed by corrective suggestions as drawn from literature concepts and review. The Case Facts Loxley Swimming Pool and Loxley Tennis Club are the two leisure facilities that have recently been privatized and have moved from the control of the Loxley District Council to a company called Happy Leisure Company. This by itself is a situation which is a change management situation. Already there are employees who are not happy with the change to such an extent that they wish to remain redundant under the new dispensation. Other set of employees were so unhappy with the change that they decided to leave their jobs. Thus presenting the new owner with an employee turnover that may even affect essential staffing. District council control was characterized by poor and inadequate funding and separation of the organization of the swimming and tennis facilities. The new private

Workplace Observation Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Workplace Observation Paper - Essay Example The portal does indicate an attempt to increase employees’ sense of belonging. Wal-Mart previously did not encourage employees to speak out about their working experiences with the retail giant. Walmartfacts.com is now available for employees to post their positive experiences. Where Wal-Mart fails in communications is in addressing the negative issues, the subjects that have brought about all the negative headlines. The retailer is still reluctant to meet with union leaders in communities where it has proposed new store locations. Edd Snyder, executive director, corporate communications, at GM, offers advice that counters avoidance of opposing groups. â€Å"You must find some common ground. The idea is to bridge [differences] and talk and be in constant communication with the other organization. Find common threads† (Frank, 2005). The corporate culture at Wal-Mart is very different from the individual cultures In each store location. Every community has its own set of values or standards. Some are more blue-collar oriented, while others are more white-collar with higher levels of education. The low cost strategy, which many critics believe has ignored environmental and human rights issues does appeal to those who are price conscious. Wal-Mart’s mission statement includes â€Å"our fist responsibility is to provide all consumers (1) the best products and services with guaranteed satisfaction under one roof† (uwstout.edu). Wal-Mart follows through on this promise, by providing securing relationships with low cost suppliers and manufacturers.